SHGs can be empowered to engage in activities throughout the full cycle of sanitation. In the context of TN, for example, SHGs in the city of Tiruchirappalli, namely the Sanitation, Hygiene and Education (SHE) teams, instituted under the WAVE federation, are being institutionally strengthened to manage 150 out of 400 community toilets in the city. Nationally, there are also other examples of SHGs operating desludging services and managing the O&M of FSTPs.

A relevant document from MoHUA on the critical role of CBOs in urban sanitation and waste management can be accessed here to understand best practices.