As is widely accepted now, there is a wide variation in the containment system, and upgrading/ retrofitting these remain a critical challenge along the chain. Though our work on this front is still ongoing, it can be divided into the following components:

  • Exploring non-invasive technology for identification of issues such as cracks in existing OSS;
  • Assessing suitability of various OSS for different hydrological regions in the State
  • Technical options for improving functions of existing OSS, including low investment options and options for urban poor and
    Working with private sector for 3 above, and for disruptive innovations.

The work around containment is on-going. For specific queries, please write to:tnussp@iihs.ac.in